The Nature Communications MD checklist is provided as Supplementary Table 11
GHK-Cu: collagen and structure GHK-Cu is a copper-binding tripeptide associated with regulation across more than 4,000 genes, including collagen synthesis, antioxidant defense, wound healing, inflammation, and tissue breakdown. Circulating levels decline with age, from roughly 200 ng/mL at age 20 to about 80 ng/mL by 60. It clears damaged matrix while helping new collagen form and cross-link into stronger structure (matrix remodeling and lysyl oxidase activation). BPC-157: blood supply BPC-157 is a 15-amino-acid fragment from gastric juice
Enhancement of intestinal adaptation by hepatocyte growth factor
Strict vegetarians and vegans, or people with conditions that prevent them from absorbing nutrients from food, are the most likely people to be deficient
Gao, X., Liang, H., Hou, F., Zhang, Z., Nuo, M., Guo, X., & Liu, D